日本語 ROADMAP

6 levels.
Zero to native.

You're going to get stuck. Everybody does. Almost everyone gets stuck in the same six places. Find your spot. Do the fix. Keep going.

60-SECOND CHECK

Where are you right now?

Five questions. Be honest. Pick answers that make you look good and you'll get a plan you can't do yet.

QUESTION 1 OF 5

Can you read hiragana and katakana?

LEVEL 01 — MONTH 1

Zero

Japanese sounds like one long noise. You can't read kana yet.

500WORDS
500SENTENCE CARDS
80%OF YOUR DAY IN JP
2 WKSTO KILL KANA
ProblemFix
01

You keep saying you'll start next month.

Pick a date. Put it on your calendar. Try it for 21 days.

  • Say when, not someday
  • Pick a goal AND a fear

The book saw this over and over. One student wanted N2 in three months. She never opened the plan. She left saying she'd learn Japanese someday. Someday means never.

Most people set a goal and stop there. Do both. The author wanted a job in Japan. He was also scared of ending up in a job he'd hate. You need something to run to and something to run from.

Japanese Fast — Goal Setting & Commitment; Case Study 2
02

It's all noise. Listening feels like a waste of time.

Put your phone in Japanese today. Before you know a single word.

  • 80% of your day
  • Never slow it down

Your ears need months to learn where one word ends and the next starts. They only learn that at full speed. Slowing the audio down teaches them the wrong thing.

Phone and laptop in Japanese. News on while you get ready. A podcast on the way to work. A show at night. You won't understand any of it. That's fine. You're not here to understand yet.

Japanese Fast — Ch.1 Immersion; Month 1
03

Kana won't stick. ね, ぬ and め all look the same.

Learn kana inside words. Three words per letter.

  • ねこ · ぬま · めがね
  • Two weeks, then move on

Don't drill ね on its own. Learn ねこ (cat), ぬま (bog), めがね (glasses). You remember the word, and the letter comes with it.

Give kana two weeks. That's it. Start learning real words at the end of week one. Any kana guide works. The guide doesn't matter. The words around the letter do.

Japanese Fast — Month 1, Hiragana and Katakana
04

Too many apps and books. You can't pick one.

Skip vocab. Start with grammar sentences.

  • 600 grammar points. 10,000 words.
  • 18 cards a day

There are about 600 grammar points between you and N1. There are over 10,000 words. Grammar is the smaller pile. Do the smaller pile first.

Your first 500 cards are all example sentences from a grammar book. Tae Kim. Genki 1 and 2. Tobira. JLPT Sensei. Or the 100 sentences in the back of the book.

Japanese Fast — Month 1, Basic Words and Sentences
05

You don't know what a flashcard should look like.

Sentence on the front. The words you didn't know on the back.

  • Three new words, max
  • No pictures. No audio.

Front: ペンとリンゴがあります。 Back: 〜がある = "〜 is there", ペン = pen, リンゴ = apple.

Three new words is the limit. The book tried cards with ten new words on them. They stopped working.

Japanese Fast — Ch.2 Flashcards; Month 1 example card

LEVEL 02 — N5·N4 — MONTH 2

Beginner

You can read kana and know a few hundred words. Shows are still a wall.

1,500WORDS
1,000CARDS
200REVIEWS/DAY MAX
30 MINHARD TIMER
ProblemFix
01

2,000 kanji sounds impossible.

Don't study kanji by itself. Learn it inside your sentences.

  • 此れは猫です。
  • Heisig is optional

Front: 此れは猫です。 Back: 此れ(これ) = this, 猫(ねこ) = cat. You meet the kanji inside a word you actually ran into.

Japanese isn't math. The rules break all the time. Right now you don't know enough to tell what's normal and what's weird. So don't think about it. Just do it.

Japanese Fast — Month 2, Kanji
02

Reviews take two hours. You're starting to hate Anki.

Cap it. 200 cards a day. 30 minute timer.

  • 150 old + 50 new
  • Delete long or dead cards

This is what the book told a learner who spent three of her five study hours in Anki. Turn on Anki's timer so a session can't run long.

Also stop writing sentences in a notebook to type in later. If adding a card feels like work right then, skip that sentence.

Japanese Fast — Ch.2, Case Study 6 (Katy's Burnout)
03

You can't make yourself open the app.

Week one: open Anki, look at it for five minutes, close it.

  • Week two: one card
  • Week three: ten minutes

That's the whole job for seven days. No cards. Just open it.

The learner this was built for was doing fifteen cards a day by the end, and nobody asked him to. It's like folding one sock. Once you start, you usually keep going.

Japanese Fast — Ch.2, Case Study 7 (John's Burnout)
04

You hit “Again” on half your cards and lose all your progress.

Stop hitting Again.

  • Know it → Easy. 3 seconds.
  • Half → Hard. 30 seconds.
  • Neither → skip, then delete

Know the sentence and the words? Easy. Know one but not the other? Hard. Know neither? Skip it. If you still don't know it at the end, delete it.

You're not allowed to sit on a card for two minutes. What matters is that you saw it. Not that you got it right.

Japanese Fast — Ch.2, Case Study 7
05

You can hear it fine. Your mouth won't do it.

Copy what you hear. One word at a time. Full speed.

  • Music while you walk
  • Words → chunks → sentences

Say it right after you hear it. Single words first. After a week or two, chunks of three or more words. By the end of the month, whole sentences.

You'll sound like a baby. That's the right sound to make right now.

Japanese Fast — Ch.4 Listen and Repeat; Month 2

LEVEL 03 — N3 — MONTH 3

The Wall

You can follow normal conversation. And you've been "almost intermediate" for a long time.

4,000WORDS
650KANJI
1,500CARDS
60 MINSPEAKING/WEEK
ProblemFix
01

Real books look too hard. Too many kanji.

Read three pages of a real book. Not a learner book.

  • In Japanese
  • By a Japanese person
  • For Japanese people
  • You actually want to read it

Four questions decide if it counts. Is it in Japanese? Written by a Japanese person? Written for Japanese people? Do you actually want to read it? Yes to all four and it's fair game.

One learner was told to read a few pages. Soon he was reading two real books a month. He hit N2 in four months instead of nine. The author's first book took three months. The next book, same level, took three days.

Japanese Fast — Ch.5, Case Study 3 (James)
02

You never leave NHK Easy News.

Read one grown-up news story. Every day.

  • Kids’ news stops at N3

Easy News is real Japanese. It's written for Japanese kids. It gets you to N3 and no further.

The learner who got this rule found it hard for about a week. Then it became one of the easiest parts of her day. Keep the easy stuff if you like it. Just don't let it be your ceiling.

Japanese Fast — Ch.1, Case Study 4 (Katy)
03

Every card goes through English.

Switch to Japanese-only cards at 1,000 cards.

  • Use a Japanese dictionary
  • Still three new words, max

Look words up in a Japanese dictionary made for Japanese people. Then you learn words from those meanings, and more words from the meanings of those words.

The author picked up over half his vocabulary this way. Keep the three word limit or it gets out of hand fast.

Japanese Fast — Ch.2 Flashcards; Month 3
04

You “finished” grammar and still can’t read a normal sentence.

Only watch Japanese teachers who teach in Japanese.

  • 三本塾
  • 中田敦彦のYouTube大学

Textbook grammar is done. What's left is the odd stuff that textbooks, shows and news don't cover.

Free Japanese YouTube teachers cover it. Find one you like. Then find another. Not teachers explaining Japanese in English.

Japanese Fast — Month 3, Grammar
05

You understand a lot and say almost nothing.

Get one partner. Talk for an hour. Once a week.

  • Message 100 people, find 1
  • Nobody free? Talk to yourself.

Be short and clear about what you want out of the trade. HelloTalk. Tandem. iTalki. It's a numbers game, so plan for that.

If nobody shows up, have the conversation anyway. On your own. All that listening already built the ear that catches your own mistakes.

Japanese Fast — Month 3, Speaking
06

Making cards eats your whole study time.

Only make a card after you've seen the word three times.

  • Can you guess it? Skip it.

If the words around it tell you what it means, don't make a card. If it shows up a third time and you still don't get it, then it earned one.

This one change dropped a learner's Anki time to 30 or 60 minutes a day. She still got to 4,000 cards.

Japanese Fast — Ch.2, Case Study 6

LEVEL 04 — N2 — MONTH 4

Working Level

You could get hired in Japan. You're also only halfway there.

6,000WORDS
1,000KANJI
4,000CARDS
2×READS PER DAY
ProblemFix
01

You've got 4,000 cards and the reviews are burying you.

Delete every card that's too easy or too long.

  • Still add 500 new
  • Keep the deck small

Your brain can only hold so much at once. Cut the cards that aren't teaching you anything so there's room for the ones that are. This isn't tidying up. It's making space.

Japanese Fast — Month 4 (四ヵ月目); Science 1, Cognitive Load Theory
02

Turn the subtitles off and you understand nothing.

Turn the subtitles off on TV shows. Today.

  • Anime → Japanese subs
  • Shows & movies → none
  • News → every day

No conversation comes with subtitles. No phone call. No test. Practicing with them builds a skill you can't use anywhere.

Add 30 to 60 minutes of news a day on top. Every day.

Japanese Fast — Month 4, インテンシブ視聴
03

An hour of reading a day stopped helping.

Read two things a day. A news story and a book.

  • Card the new words as you go

One grown-up news story, plus pages from a real book, manga or light novel. Every day.

For a sense of scale: the author read about 10 books and 300 news stories before N1.

Japanese Fast — Month 4, インテンシブ読書; Ch.5
04

Same partners. Same level. Month after month.

Fire your language partner.

  • They met you at N3. They’ll keep you there.

Someone who met you at N3 still talks to you like you're N3. You talk back like you're N3. It sticks. The author spoke way better with brand new partners, then dropped right back down with the old ones.

One exception. If the friend matters more than the Japanese, keep the friend. Just know that's the trade you're making.

Japanese Fast — Ch.4, Case Study 17 (Michael)
05

Your Japanese is correct and still sounds foreign.

Stop working on your pronunciation. Start acting.

  • っす · しゃーない · 何してんの
  • えーと · あのー · へえええ
  • Skip pitch accent

Copy where they pause. How they move their hands. Where they slur words together. Use the filler sounds and the short forms people actually say.

Here's the test. When other foreigners think you're overdoing it, you're usually about right. And don't study pitch accent. You're already soaking it up from thousands of hours of listening, and it flips between Tokyo and Osaka anyway.

Japanese Fast — Ch.4; Perfect Japanese Doesn't Exist
06

You go hard for a week, then your brain shuts off for a day.

Take a break from studying. Don't take a break from Japanese.

  • Drop Anki. Keep listening.
  • Sleep 3, 6 or 9 hours. Not 5.
  • Walk an hour with Japanese on

Stop the active stuff for a few days or a week. No Anki, no grammar, no writing. Keep watching and listening. Your brain sorts things out during the gap.

People come back stronger than they left. Sleep in full cycles, not five hours. The author started walking an hour a day with Japanese in his ears after reading the brain research.

Japanese Fast — Authors Notes; Science 2 & 3

LEVEL 05 — N1 — MONTHS 5–6

Advanced

You read novels and grown-up news. The test is the last thing left.

20,000WORDS
2,000+KANJI
5,000CARDS, THEN QUIT
1×MOCK TEST/WEEK
ProblemFix
01

You can't tell what you're still missing.

Take a practice test every week. Make a card out of every miss.

  • jlpttest4u · JLPT Sensei
  • Bigger test once a month

The author did a small test each week and a bigger one at the end of the month. When something kept going wrong, he changed how he studied.

The score isn't the point. A wrong answer is a hole, and now you know exactly where it is.

Japanese Fast — Month 5, 試験一級; Science 9
02

One section is dragging your score down.

Three sections strong? Give up on the fourth.

  • Weak everywhere? Fix the weak one.
  • 強者に挙げ、弱者から奪う

There are two roads. Pick one. If you're so-so at everything, go straight at your weakest part.

If three parts are strong and one is weak, do the opposite of what teachers say. Drop the weak one. Push the other three as high as they'll go. Spreading your effort evenly just makes you average at everything.

Japanese Fast — Month 6, 弱点をぶっ潰す
03

Practice scores stopped telling you anything.

Read more. Have harder conversations. Forget the score.

  • Explain hard things out loud

Everyone's words come from their own life. No test can measure what's actually in your head. It leaves out more than it checks.

How much you read, and how deep you can go in a conversation. Those two things show you what you're really missing.

Japanese Fast — Month 6, 高度な実践
04

You understand every word and still miss the joke.

Look up every reference until you get it.

  • Kids’ NHK shows
  • The books everyone read in school
  • Comedy

Someone makes a joke you don't get. Go find out what it was about. The singer. The old news story. The book. The show.

The author even studied the general knowledge part of government job exams to learn what counts as common sense in Japan. This is the gap between understanding Japanese and being funny in it.

Japanese Fast — Authors Notes, Importance of Comedy
05

Anki turned into the hobby.

Quit Anki at 5,000 cards.

  • Books and shows are the new Anki
  • Look words up. Don’t card them.

The author stopped at 4,500 cards. A learner he coached hit the same point and just switched to real books and shows as her review system.

Anki was never the goal.

Japanese Fast — Ch.2, Case Study 8 (Celsei)
06

Test nerves.

Change nothing. Sleep. Eat. Show up.

  • Staying calm is a strategy

The author passed N1 without studying for it. The test was never the point. He walked in feeling like passing or failing didn't much matter either way.

That's why he could read the passages without rushing, and actually listen to the listening part instead of hunting for answers.

Japanese Fast — Month 6, 最終復習

LEVEL 06 — BEYOND N1 — FOREVER

Native

Japanese isn't a subject anymore. There's no test left to take.

50,000WORDS
1M+WORDS READ/YEAR
0FLASHCARDS
∞TIMEFRAME

⚠ THE BOOK STOPS AT N1. EVERYTHING BELOW IS ADDED, AND EVERY FIX NAMES ITS STUDY.

ProblemFix
01

Your vocabulary stopped growing.

Read a million words a year. In subjects you know nothing about.

  • Nation, 2006
  • You need to know 98% of the words

To read something without help, you need to know about 98% of the words on the page. That's 8,000 to 9,000 word families for reading, and 6,000 to 7,000 for listening. After that, new words come from how much you read. Not from studying.

This is the book's Month 5 reading plan, just bigger and forever. Old classics on 青空文庫, plus real books about things you care about. AJATT says the same thing. Read like a Japanese person, not like a student.

Nation, I.S.P. (2006). Canadian Modern Language Review 63(1), 59–82.
02

Your Japanese is correct. No Japanese person would say it that way.

Collect phrases, not words.

  • Pawley & Syder, 1983
  • Natives reuse whole chunks

Native speakers don't build every sentence from rules. They pull from a huge pile of ready-made phrases they've heard a thousand times. That's why you can be 100% correct and still sound off.

So change what you collect. Not new words. Words you already know, stuck together in ways you wouldn't have guessed. It's the book's sentence method aimed at the chunk. AJATT gets there too, with its Japanese-only cards.

Pawley & Syder (1983). In Language and Communication, Longman, 191–226.
03

You've had the same mistakes for ten years.

Write for Japanese readers. Let them fix it.

  • Swain, 1995
  • Writing shows you the gap

When you write, you find out exactly where what you meant and what you can say don't line up. Reading and listening let you slide past your weak spots. Writing doesn't.

Add the book's style copying too. Read a lot of the kind of writing you need to do. Copy how it's built, on purpose. Your own voice shows up out of the copying.

Swain, M. (1995). In Principle and Practice in Applied Linguistics, OUP, 125–144.
04

Nothing is hard anymore.

Go somewhere you're stupid again.

  • Law · medicine · money
  • 落語 · 古文 · 方言
  • Bjork & Bjork, 2011

Stuff that slows you down now is what sticks later. Easy practice feels great and fades fast.

This is the book's weirdest idea, used again. Input that's interesting but too hard for you is the whole point. It's also what AJATT means by staying at the edge.

Bjork & Bjork (2011). In Psychology and the Real World, Worth, 56–64.
05

You have one Japanese. Japanese people have five.

Practice each way of talking on its own.

  • 敬語 at work only
  • Casual with friends only
  • Dialect comes last

A learner in Japan was scared that getting good at casual speech would make her rude at work. Keeping the two apart on purpose fixed it.

Polite at work. Casual with friends. Written style when you write. Do it that way on purpose until switching happens without thinking. Add 関西弁 later.

Japanese Fast — Ch.4, Case Study 18 (Claire)
06

More hours in. Nothing new coming out.

Pick one small weak spot and drill it.

  • 敬語 on the phone
  • Telling a joke
  • Ericsson, 1993

People who get really good don't just put in hours. They pick one narrow thing they're bad at, work on it, and get told right away how they did. Everyone else levels off once they're decent.

So don't practice “Japanese”. Practice phone calls. Or telling a joke with the right timing. It's the book's weak point rule from Month 6, used after the test is over.

Ericsson, Krampe & Tesch-Römer (1993). Psychological Review 100(3), 363–406.
07

You stop pushing and it drains away.

Never turn it off.

  • Bahrick, 1984
  • Use it and it stays

Things you learned well and kept using stop fading after a few years. They stay for decades. Things you learned halfway just disappear.

That's the whole idea behind the name AJATT. All Japanese, All The Time. The book says it quieter: make it normal, not a chore. Japanese isn't something you practice now. It's just on.

Bahrick, H.P. (1984). J. Exp. Psychology: General 113(1), 1–29.

Where this comes from

Levels 1 to 5 come from Japanese Fast by Gus Nickerson (Hello! Language Coaches, 2024). The book stops at N1. Level 6 is added on. Every fix there follows either the book's own method or the original AJATT method, and every one names a study.

  • Abrahamsson & Hyltenstam (2009) — Language Learning 59(2), 249–306. Adults almost never test exactly like a native on every measure. But plenty of them sound native to native speakers, which is the part that matters.
  • Bahrick (1984) — J. Exp. Psychology: General 113(1), 1–29.
  • Bjork & Bjork (2011) — Psychology and the Real World, 56–64.
  • Ericsson, Krampe & Tesch-Römer (1993) — Psychological Review 100(3), 363–406.
  • Nation (2006) — Canadian Modern Language Review 63(1), 59–82.
  • Pawley & Syder (1983) — Language and Communication, 191–226.
  • Swain (1995) — Principle and Practice in Applied Linguistics, 125–144.
  • Cited inside the book — Sweller; Draganski et al. (2006); Walker & Stickgold (2004); Cepeda et al. (2006); Roediger & Butler (2011).

真剣に楽しんで下さい。